The first question that must be asked is myocardial infarction. Usually, when this happens, you risk the death of a part of the heart muscle. It comes from a lack of oxygen, it dies. Injuries, with immediate effect, can cause chest pain or a feeling of pressure in the chest (often described as chest tightness). When blood flow is not restored in a timely manner (you only have 20 to 40 minutes), the heart muscle dies during the irreversible process.
What is Myocardial Infarction: Causes, Symptoms, Signs & Treatments
Myocardial Infarction Definition
Myocardial infarction, also known as heart attack, is fatal. A heart attack occurs when certain blood vessels block the blood flow to the heart. A heart is constantly flowing through the blood with enough oxygen to function. When the heart does not receive the necessary blood flow, the heart cells may die or become permanently damaged. It can put too much pressure on the heart and cause it to stop working adequately or even stop completely, which can be fatal if not treated immediately. so that’s why you should know how to treat Myocardial Infarction.
Types of Myocardial Infarction
Five types of acute Myocardial Infarction create five different conditions that produce myocardial ischemia and myocardial-cell death:
- A primary coronary event such as plaque rupture or rupture.
- Oxygen supply and demand problems such as coronary cramps, coronary embolism, arrhythmia, anemia, or hypotension.
- Sudden cardiac death, including ECG changes, including signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia, but these can cause death before the blood sample, or in the middle period before serum markers appear in the blood.
- Percutaneous coronary intervention.
- Coronary artery bypass grafting.
Myocardial Infarction Symptoms
While they vary (sometimes very much), some heart attack symptoms are usually significant. Includes:
- Chest pain or stiffness
- Feeling of pain in the arms Headaches, toothache or jaw pain (sometimes combined)
- It should start with nausea, vomiting or feeling very uncomfortable
- Sudden sweat, there is no obvious reason for this to happen.
- Indigestion and heartburn are also some other common symptoms.
- , shoulders and upper back
- Began to feel sick and weak
Unfortunately, in all cases of myocardial infarction, the full extent of its occurrence is uncertain. These are called silent heart attacks and are more common in people with diabetes.
The main problem with these attacks is that there are so many defined symptoms and there are no obvious signs and this makes them very obscure. People abandon these symptoms and believe that they are some minor conditions and ignore them.
If you think you have a heart attack by any chance, you should seek medical help immediately. This is crucial for 20 to 40 minutes and the action here leads to a complete or almost complete recovery.
Myocardial Infarction Causes
A heart attack occurs when one and others of your coronary arteries are closed. Over time, the coronary artery becomes narrow with the formation of various substances, including cholesterol (atherosclerosis). This condition, known as coronary artery disease, often causes heart attacks.
During a heart attack, one of these plaques breaks down cholesterol and cholesterol and other substances into the bloodstream. Thrombosis occurs in the area of the rupture. If large enough, the clot can block blood flow through the coronary artery, causing the heart muscle to starve with oxygen and nutrients (ischemia).
You may have a complete barrier or partial. Complete obstruction means you have ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Partial obstruction means that you have non-ST regenerative myocardial infarction. Myocardial Infarction clinical-stage and treatment may vary, depending on you.
Another cause of heart attack is coronary artery obstruction, which stops blood flow to the heart muscle. The use of tobacco and illicit drugs such as cocaine is fatal.
What Is The Main Cause Of Myocardial Infarction?
The most common cause of ‘myocardial infarction’ is the rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque on the artery supplying the heart muscle. The plaques are unstable, rupture, and further stimulate arterial blood clots; It happens in minutes. This is a main common cause of Myocardial infarction According to the expert and doctors.
Risk Factors
There are a variety of risk factors that increase a person’s likelihood of myocardial infarction. Some of these depend on genetic prediction, some on individual habits and diet. Common risk factors include:
- High blood pressure
- Diabetics
- Heart disease
- Obesity
- Smoking
- High cholesterol
One or more people with the above-mentioned health problems may be at greater risk and should, therefore, be regularly screened for heart problems. Some. The additional risk of myocardial infarction due to medication is a recent finding.
For example, oral contraceptives contain the synthetic chemical compound Drospyreon, which increases the risk of a person’s blood clotting, which can get into the blood vessels and trigger a heart attack.
Treatment
Currently, myocardial infarction treatment mainly focuses on the resorption of the ventral coronary artery to restore perfusion and prevent myocardial necrosis. To do this, the most commonly used methods are drug therapy, thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Drug Therapy
Traditional drug therapy includes angiotensin-converted enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone receptor antagonists, β-receptor blockers, and so on. The main goal of these treatments is the prevention of left ventricular remodeling.
Thrombolytic Therapy
Thrombolytic therapy is currently the mainstay of treatment for myocardial infarction. In the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, the principles of thrombolytic therapy revive coronary artery and perfusion restoration as soon as possible.
Biochemical and clinical trials have demonstrated that thrombosis and thrombolysis are dynamic processes that occur simultaneously. Preventing thrombus formation accelerates blood clotting.
These thrombolytic drugs may work well in blood clotting but have some side effects, such as unwanted bleeding, mucosal bleeding, subcutaneous bleeding, or life-threatening intracerebral hemorrhage. However, only one-third of patients with myocardial infarction meet the requirements of thrombolytic therapy.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Trombolitik therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI perphyujannu slowly become another option to renew. This policy is effective in restoring blood flow and blood vessel by inserting a special catheter and improves the functioning of the heart muscle.
Coronary artery. Thrombolytic therapy, compared to a PC, e thrombus, and ripe Rphyujan rates to 99% from 95% after eliminating the interference., The treatment of the blood vessel. Blood clots inside the coronary artery and the coronary arteries are completely closing the crack.
Coronary Artery Changes By The Bypass Method
Coronary artery bypass grafting is an effective surgical treatment of coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia, which effectively alleviates symptoms. It is an effective method for the treatment of restenosis and serious complications in patients after PCI.
After acute complications after surgery, emergency CABG reduces myocardial damage and reduces hospital mortality and adverse events. Therefore, CABG is an important alternative or combination therapy for PCI.
However, drug therapy, thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery can somewhat prevent ventricular remodeling and relieve the symptoms of myocardial ischemia. But these treatments do not repair necrotic myocardial tissue and do not address the underlying problem of myocardial infarction.
How to promote the regeneration of necrotic cardiomyocytes and inhibit ventricular remodeling has become the key to improving cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Therefore, in recent years, myocardial regeneration has become the focus of cardiac research. And this is also the new treatment for “myocardial infarction” in this review.